CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE AND ZINGIBER ZERUMBET ESSENTIAL OILS

Tóm tắt

Gingers have been widely used for a long time to treat many diseases. In this study, the essential oils of two ginger species Zingiber zerumbet (ZZ-EO), and Zingiber officinale (ZO-EO) were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activity using the micro-broth dilution method while the antifungal effect was evaluated using the agar well diffusion technique. The results showed that ZO-EO significantly inhibited five tested bacterial strains with a maximum percentage of inhibition (%I) of 98.95%, while ZZ-EO only expressed a weak action (%I from 17.69 to 69.40%). Similarly, ZO-EO was remarkably more effective than ZZ-EO in inhibiting most of the ten tested fungal strains. Particularly, ZO-EO inhibited completely the growth of two rice blast fungi (strains VNN-1247 and VNN-0737), and one human fungus, Talaromyces marneffei strain, for up to 14 days after infection. On the contrary, ZZ-EO produced mycelium growth inhibition in some strains for up to only 5 days. GC-MS revealed that oxygenated monoterpenes (36.37%) and monoterpene (33.44%) were the main components in ZO-EO while the oxygenated sesquiterpenes (52.44%) dominated the composition of ZZ-EO. In detail, the primary constituents in ZO-EO included camphene (14.33%), geranial (13.09%), neral (9.82%), and b-phellandrene (9.24%). On the other hand, the most abundant components in ZZ-EO were zerumbone (45.02%), followed by a-humulene (12.94%) and camphene (12.68%). The difference in composition of two essential oils might explain the significant difference in their anti-microorganism activity. In comparison to ZZ-EO, ZO-EO exhibited a greater potential in treating many diseases caused by several plant and human-infected microorganism strains.